1.4mm 94V0 PCB Printed Circuit Board Electronic Ultrasonic Humidifier

1.4mm 94V0 PCB Printed Circuit Board Electronic Ultrasonic Humidifier

 

Capability
 

category	project	Description
Base Material	fr-4	Ordinary Tg,
LAYER	Rigid PCB	4LAYER

 

	PCB	0-10LAYER
	Rigid PCB	2-18LAYER
Board Thickness	Rigid PCB	0.6MM
	0.08	0.08MM
	Rigid  PCB	0.4-6.0MM
Copper Thickness	inner layer	2 OZ
	outer layer	2 OZ
Surface Finishing	Hasl	0.6um
	Immersion Gold	0.6um
	OSP	0.2um
	Immersion tin	0.8um
Solder mask color	outer layer	Green
Character color	outer layer	white ,black, yellow
Min. Line Width	inner layer	0.05MM
	outer layer	0.05MM
Min. Line Spacing	inner layer	0.05MM
	outer layer	0.05MM
Drill Hole	Max Diling dameter	6.5MM
	Min Diling Diameter	0.1mm
	MinSlot	0.60MM
	Drilig tolerance	PTH:+/-0.075mm NPTH:+/-0.05mm
	Slot tolerance	PTH:+/-0.10mm NPTH:+/-0.05mm
Board Size	Rigid PCB	800*2000MM
	fpc PCB	200*800MM
	Rigid -Flexible PCB	200*500MM
Drill Aspect Ratio	Mechanical hole	12.0:1.0
	blind hole	1.0:1.0
Solder mask bridge	green oil	0.08MM
	white,blue,yellow,red	0.1MM
	black oil	0.12MM
Bow and Twist	Rigid PCB	0.5-0.75%
core thickness	Rigid PCB	0.075MM (excluding copper)
Resin plug hole	hole size	0.2-0.35mm
Carbon oil	thickness	10um(min)
V - cut	Rigid PCB	30 45 60 (Tolerance: + / - 5 degrees)
impedance	50-120 ohm	Tolerance: + / - 10 %
PP type	Commonly used	1080,2116,7628 ,106

 

 

Actual PCBA process steps.
Step 1: Soften the solder paste
The first step in PCB assembly is to apply solder paste to the board.The process is

similar to that of a silk-printed shirt, where a thin stainless steel template is

placed on the PCB in addition to the mask.This allows the assembler to apply solder

paste only to certain parts of the possible PCB.These parts are parts where the

components are placed in the finished PCB.
The solder paste itself is a gray substance made up of tiny metal balls, also known as

solder.The tiny metal spheres are made of 96.5% tin, 3% silver and 0.5% copper.The

solder paste is mixed with a solder flux, a chemical design that helps the solder melt

and bond to the surface.The solder paste, shown as grey solder paste, must be applied

in the right place and in the right amount to the circuit board.
In a professional PCBA production line, a mechanical fixture holds the PCB and

soldered formwork in place.The applicator then places the solder paste on the desired

area in a precise amount.The machine then spreads the paste across the template,

evenly across each open area.After the template is removed, the solder paste remains

in the desired position.
Step 2: Pick and place
After the solder paste is applied to the PCB board, the PCBA process moves to the

pickup and placement machine, and the robotic device places the surface-mount element

or SMD on the prepared PCB.Today, SMDs account for the majority of non-connector

components on PCB.These SMDs are then soldered onto the surface of the board in the

next step of the PCBA process.
Traditionally, this is a manual process done with a pair of tweezers, in which the

fitter must pick up and place the components by hand.These days, fortunately, this

step is an automated process between PCB manufacturers.This shift is largely because

machines tend to be more accurate and consistent than humans.While humans can work

quickly, fatigue and eye strain tend to set in a few hours after using these

gadgets.Machines work 24/7 without such fatigue.
The device initiates the pick-up and placement process by picking up a PCB board with

a vacuum clamp and moving it to a pick-up and placement station.The robot then locates

the PCB on the workstation and begins applying SMT to the PCB surface.These elements

are placed on top of the solder paste in the preprogrammed position.
Step 3: Reflow soldering
Once the solder paste and surface mount components are all in place, they need to be

left there.This means that the solder paste needs to solidify, attaching the

components to the circuit board.PCB assembly achieves this through a process called

"reflux".
After the pick-up and placement process is complete, it is transferred to a conveyor

belt.This conveyor belt moves through a large reflux oven, a bit like a commercial

pizza oven.The oven consists of a series of heaters that gradually heat the circuit

board to a temperature of about 250 degrees Celsius, or 480 degrees Fahrenheit.This is

hot enough to melt the solder in the solder paste.
After the solder is melted, the PCB continues to pass through the oven.It cools and

solidifies the molten solder in a controlled manner through a series of cooler

heaters.This creates a permanent solder joint that connects the SMD to the PCB.
Many PCBAs require special consideration during reflow, especially for two-sided PCB

assembly.The two-sided PCB assembly requires separate stencil printing and

reflow.First, the side of the less and smaller parts is stenciled, placed and reflux,

and then the other side.
Step 4: Inspection and quality control
Once the surface mount elements are soldered in place after the reflow process, this

does not complete the PCBA and requires functional testing of the assembled

board.Often, movement during reflow results in poor connection quality or no

connection at all.Shorts are also a common side effect of this movement, as misplaced

parts sometimes connect to parts of the circuit that should not be connected.
Checking for these errors and mismatches may involve one of several different

inspection methods.The most common tests include:
?Manual inspection: Despite the impending development of automation and intelligent

manufacturing, the PCB assembly process still requires manual inspection.For smaller

lots, on-site visual inspection by the designer is an effective way to ensure PCB

quality after the reflow process.However, as the number of plates being examined

increased, this method became increasingly impractical and inaccurate.Observing these

widgets for more than an hour can cause optical fatigue, leading to inaccurate

inspections.
?Automatic optical inspection: for larger batches of PCBA, automatic optical

inspection is the more appropriate inspection method.The Automatic Optical Inspection

Machine, also known as AOI Machine, uses a series of high-power cameras to "see" the

PCB.These cameras are arranged at different angles to see the welded joints.Different

quality solder joints reflect light in different ways, allowing AOI to identify lower

quality solder.AOI does this at a very high speed, allowing it to process a large

number of PCBs in a relatively short period of time.
?X-rays: Another method of examination involves X-rays.This is a less common detection

method - it is most often used on more complex or layered PCB??.X-rays allow the

observer to see through the layers and visualize the lower layers to identify any

potential hidden problems.
The fate of the failure boards depends on PCBA's standards and they will be returned

for cleaning and reworking or scrapped.
Whether or not an inspection finds one of these errors, the next step in the process

is to test the part to make sure it does what it's supposed to do.This involves

testing the quality of the PCB connection.Boards that need to be programmed or

calibrated require more steps to test for correct functionality.
This check can be performed periodically after the reflow process to identify any

potential problems.These periodic inspections ensure that errors are found and fixed

as quickly as possible, which helps manufacturers and designers save time, manpower

and materials.
Step 5: Insert the through-hole element
Depending on the type of board under the PCBA, the board may contain a variety of

components other than the regular SMD.These include electroplated through-hole

elements or PTH elements.
Plated through hole is a hole in the PCB that is always plated on the circuit

board.The PCB component uses these holes to pass signals from one side of the board to

the other.In this case, the solder paste will not be of any benefit, as the solder

paste will go straight through the hole with no opportunity for adhesion.
In the future PCB assembly process, PTH components do not need solder paste, but

require a more professional welding method:
?Manual welding: Manual through - hole insertion is a simple procedure.Typically, the

task of one person at a single station is to insert a component into the specified

PTH.When done, the circuit board will move to the next workstation while someone else

is plugging in another component.Each PTH that needs to be equipped will continue to

loop.This can be a lengthy process, depending on how many PTH components need to be

plugged in during one cycle of the PCBA.Most companies specifically try to avoid

designing with PTH components, but PTH components are still common in PCB design.
?Wave soldering: Wave soldering is an automated version of manual soldering, but

involves a very different process.After placing the PTH component in place, place the

board on another conveyor belt.This time, the conveyor belt passes through a special

oven, where a stream of molten solder is washed on the bottom of the circuit

board.This will immediately solder all the pins on the bottom of the board.For

double-sided PCBs, this welding is nearly impossible because welding the entire side

of the PCB would render any sophisticated electronic components unusable.
After this welding process is complete, the PCB can proceed to a final inspection, or

if the PCB needs to add additional parts or another side assembly, the previous step

can be performed.
Step 6: Final inspection and functional testing
After the welding step of the PCBA process is completed, the final inspection will

test the function of the PCB.This check is called a "functional test."This test allows

the PCB to complete its pacing, simulating the normal operation of the PCB.In this

test, power and analog signals pass through the PCB, while the tester monitors the

electrical characteristics of the PCB.
If any of these characteristics (including voltage, current, or signal output) show

unacceptable fluctuations or hit peaks outside the predetermined range, the PCB fails

the test.According to the company's standards, a failed PCB can be recycled or

scrapped.
Testing is the last and most important step in the PCB assembly process because it

determines the success or failure of the process.This testing is why it is so

important to test and inspect regularly throughout the assembly process.
After the PCBA
It is fair to say that the PCB assembly process can be a dirty one.The solder paste

leaves a certain amount of flux, and manual manipulation can transfer oil and dirt

from fingers and clothing to the PCB surface.Once all is done, the result looks a bit

bleak, which is both an aesthetic and a practical matter.
After a few months on the PCB, the flux residue starts to smell and feel sticky.It can

also become somewhat acidic, which can damage solder joints over time.In addition,

customer satisfaction is often affected when shipments of new PCBs are covered by

residues and fingerprints.For these reasons, it is important to clean the product

after all welding steps have been completed.
Stainless steel high pressure cleaning equipment using deionized water is the best

tool for removing residues from PCB.Washing the PCB in deionized water does not pose a

threat to the equipment.That's because the ions in regular water, not the water

itself, damage the circuits.Therefore, the deionized water is harmless to PCB as it

goes through the washing cycle.
After cleaning, a rapid drying cycle using compressed air makes the finished PCB ready

for packaging and transportation.

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